Turning the Active into the Passive.
 
1.
  • Object - Subject: The object of the Active sentence becomes the subject of the Passive sentence.
  • Verb: The Active form changes into the Passive form.
  • Subject - Agent: The subject of the Active sentence becomes the agent of the Passive sentence.
 
 subjectverbobject
ActiveAlicewrotea letter.
 
 subjectverbagent
PassiveA letterwas writtenby Alice.
  
2. Agent
  • We use "by" before the agent.
Alice wrote a letter. - A letter was written by Alice.
  
  • We do not normally use "by them (him, her...)/by people/by somebody/by someone...".
She wrote a letter. - A letter was written. (NOT: A letter was written by her.
  
  • Object pronouns become subject pronouns.
They invited me to a party. - I was invited to a party.
  
Subject pronounsObject pronouns
Ime
hehim
sheher
itit
weus
you you
theythem